Elaphurus davidianus :: science

Elaphurus davidianus Pere David’s deer is an uncommon Asian creature. Its unique home is found in northeastern and east focal China. In 1865, a French evangelist by the name of Father Pere Armand David was visiting China. While investigating the mass of the Emperor’s Imperial Hunting Park he watched a hostage crowd and later discovered that the creatures had been wiped out from the wild for more than 1000 years. He likewise found this was the final group in china, and immediately took activities to save it. At the point when Father David reached out to Europe about this uncommon types of deer it stimulated a lot of consideration and brought about getting a generous measure of deer sent to a few zoos all through Europe. This deer is in the clan of Cervidae, and of the request Artiodactyla. They are a medium measured deer with a stature of around 120 cm (male is four feet while the female is marginally littler.) The weight ranges from 300 (females) to around 550 pounds (guys). The Chinese consider this deer the â€Å"four unlikes,† due to its odd looking highlights. In contrast to most deer, the Pere has a long shaggy tail that looks like a jackass, a hose-like walk, wide, improved feet, little ears, and â€Å"backward† horns. The most unmistakable trademark would be the tusks. On the Pere, the principle stem of the prongs lies forward of the head, while on other deer it lies towards the back. They fork directly over the base, the prongs point in reverse, the last prong is unbranched and the principal just branches once. The horns arrive at a tallness of around more than two feet. In the late spring their jackets are a ruddy earthy colored that darken to a grayish earthy colored in the winter. It is felt that their unique homes were in marshy, reed-shrouded marshlands. Their weight control plans comprise of, steppe’s grass, and water plants. They live to the age of 20 in the wild and 23 in imprisonment, they arrive at development at 14 months and are conceived around April or May, they go through around nine months with their moms before they are weaned. The reproducing of this species is exceptionally troublesome and tedious. Another odd quality of these great creatures is their affection for water. They will go through hours remaining in water up to their shoulders. The greater part of the deer from the first group that were left in China were cleared out in 1895 by an extreme flood, and the rest of the deer were executed during the Boxer Rebellion in the mid 1900’s.

Describe the Business Ethics For History Of Zara- Lecture Notes

Question: Portray about the Business Ethics for History of Zara? Answer: History of Zara Zara is a retail leader store of the Inditex gathering, and is accounted for to be the biggest clothing retailer all inclusive. Zara is a Spanish garments organization which was built up in the year 1975. This is an organization, which don't have confidence in making top of the line promoting efforts however make it a point to present and open new stores round the world. There are in excess of 2000 stores opened by Zara globally with consolidating the best design slants each year. The organization is required to dispatch about 12,000 new plans on a normal. Zara follows the one of a kind methodology of making new style so as to contend in the market. The organization has picked up the upper hand throughout the years effectively. Nonetheless, in such manner it is essential to take note of the way that the organization has been a piece of hardly any untrustworthy practices towards the specialist. This has hampered the matter of the organization to a specific breaking point. The flexibly chain the executives of the organization has been very vital to manage the issues of exploitative conduct towards the laborers adequately. This is one of the organizations, which is into garments and in vogue mold yet have changed the dressing line alongside extras round the world (Zikmund et al. 2012). Unscrupulous conduct of Zara Zara has been blamed for demonstrating unscrupulous conduct towards the laborers. In a large portion of the cases, the organization has managed subordinate specialists with heaps of allegations against the satisfaction of the responsibilities towards the laborers by the organization. In Argentina, the organization has been asserted of keeping the laborers beaten up pretty bad (Bunge, 2012). The organization has held onto the official records of the laborers and they were not permitted to move unreservedly without the consent of the organization. The laborers were not enlisted and Zara neglected to meet the duties they have made to the laborers. Adults as well as youngsters who have been utilized as the laborers who were outsiders to the organization. They had to work for over 13 hours every day. In the Buenos Aires industrial facility, the laborers worked beaten up pretty bad as well as in corrupting condition of work. Zara identifies with untrustworthy method of creation in Banglade sh simultaneously. They make the laborers work for extended periods in vomited condition where the state of the ladies is dubious. This is a significant issue raised by columnists round the world with respect to the torment that couple of individuals faces behind the high road style brand of Spain (Carroll Buchholtz, 2014). Zara is additionally connected with untrustworthy method of carrying on with the laborers of Sao Paulo processing plant. The majority of the reports asserted of protecting 15 workers from the organization. 14 Bolivians and 1 Peruvian was found to work in the deceptive condition being settlers to the nation. The unhygienic condition where the specialist needed to work was pitiful out of which 1 representative is of 14 years old in particular. In Brazil, the lowest pay permitted by law incorporates $344. Despite what might be expected, the laborers needed to labor for 12 hours per day with wage between the scopes of $156 to $290. Zara has been under the charge of unapproved re-appropriating. The pledge to the laborers was to have a superior possibility in Brazil, which the organization bombed to a great extent (Becker, 2012). The workers had to be slaves with further decrease in their wages for the part of making a trip to Brazil and their typical cost for basic items. This turned the state of the laborers horrible as they starved and couldn't move without the assent of the position. The organization has taken hardly any undertakings in agreement to the law alongside the pay to the influenced. Be that as it may, reports demonstrate the organization to be a piece of untrustworthy work conduct more than once. Impression of moral norms of Zara The vast majority of the organizations have managing gracefully chain the executives successfully alongside the usage of five classes, which incorporates condition, creatures, individuals, item and legislative issues. The impression of the moral principles of an organization like Zara has been demonstrated empty various occasions. The approaches and the working measures of the organization has been basic and against the desire expected by various control associations or laborers round the world. Aside from this, the organization has been a significant disappointment in not many of the items, which hurt the affectability of purchasers round the world (Ferrell Fraedrich, 2014). The items hurt the notion of the purchasers because of the message, which is proposed by the items. In the year, 2014 Zara propelled a tee shirt for the youngsters, which has an impersonation if the dresses of the holocaust camp uniform. There were number of issues and debates identified with the untrustworthy a ct of harming the opinions of the purchasers. This is to a great extent dependent on the thoughts, which probably won't be acknowledged by numerous individuals of the clients all inclusive. Aside from this, the organization has been associated with production of a neckband, which speaks to bigotry (Shrader-Frechette, 2012). Items like these have making issues in the psyches of the clients with respect to the separation made by Zara. The organization generally came up short on the gathering the moral norms and fizzled in the guarantees. The end goal of the organization has been inadequate. The flexibly chain the board of the organization is powerful yet the organization comes up short on the straightforwardness anticipated from the review (Audi, 2012). Aside from this, the organization comes up short on the commitment of the partners proficiently. The obligation showered on the organization like Zara isn't done unmistakably as the organization attempts to thwart the reviewing. The organization has worldwide nearness and dependent on a similar thought the organization needs to take into account the requirements of the laborers universally. Nonetheless, the work assurance organizations discovered laborers in basic condition, which expresses that the organization bombed to a great extent in straightforward examining. The partners of the organization are now and again not mindful of the dishonest methods, which influ ences the long queue creation of the organization. The impression of the standard express the organization doesn't have legitimate observing procedure. One the opposite it may said that the organization don't have the commencement of legitimate reconnaissance intentionally (Hauk, 2012). Impact of authority A large number of the notable organizations have the laborers who admire their pioneers so as to get the best in the organization. As such, they attempt to copy the pioneers. Comparable is the situation of Zara as a large portion of the representatives feel the notoriety of the organization as opposed to finding and understanding the provisos of the organization. The initiative style of the organization might be classified under two angles. The first incorporates participative. So as to make the design and to set out e most recent patterns the vast majority of the representatives of the association work viably. They partake in diverting the structures and the materials utilized for the articles of clothing and the embellishments. Be that as it may, if there should arise an occurrence of the laborers who work in the manufacturing plants to deliver the product offering face the significant issue (De George, 2012). They don't get the help from the specialists by any stretch of the imagi nation. They can't take part all the while and don't state in the greater part of the issues which they face in their industrial facility and work environment region. The laborers are abused to work for extended periods of time and are a greater amount of less confined in the manufacturing plants. The interest is significantly less and they have next to no say in the whole procedure of creation. The following kind of initiative followed by the organization incorporates transformational. For this situation, the troughs or the group screen the laborers and coordinate them to frame a specific group. This aides in the improvement of the procedure persuading the representatives to do the work effectively. Be that as it may, if there should arise an occurrence of the settler laborers in the manufacturing plant the circumstance is totally extraordinary. The greater part of the laborers face the issue of working in pathetic, unhygienic condition, which isn't reasonable according to the moral guidelines. In such case, the inspiration from the top of the line authorities and the transformational administration is to a great extent missing. In such manner, it is imperative to make reference to that a large portion of the organization in the more significant levels has the observing and the motivation to create better alongside appropriate measures (Guffey Loewy, 2012). Despite what mig ht be expected, if there should arise an occurrence of the outsider laborers the circumstance is inverse. They don't have the norm or the asset. They are powers to work under tension with pretty much the maintenance of servitude. The job of the pioneers for this situation is to extricate the most from the laborers and adventure their condition. The abuse depends on the greatest extraction from the outsiders. Social obligation reaction Zara has been one of the organizations, which needs to control and destroy hardly any angles, which incorporates the accompanying:- Constrained work Segregation Youngster work Cleanliness and security Misuse or cruel treatment Opportunity of affiliation and aggregate bartering Installment of compensation Customary work Ecological duty Working hours Zara has been compelling piece of various procedures, which has been ideal to assist the organization. Despite what might be expected, on the human rights ground the organization has bombed to a great extent in light of the segregation, which the organization appeared towards the foreigners. It is the duty of CRS to construct the correct plan of action, which glances in to the advantage of the organization alongside the natural manageability (Rutherford et al. 2012). Zara is an organization, which make their line of attire dependent on three thoughts fundamental, quick and occasional. Be that as it may, if there should be an occurrence of making or duplicating new plans the organization takes limit of 15 days time. The organization attempts to consolidate top of the line innovation for the creation procedure. This aides in the diverting of the whole line of apparel with the usage of innovation. Be that as it may, underneath the utilization of innovation the state of the laborers in t he processing plants is in danger. If there should be an occurrence of presenting the quick line o

Analects Of Confucius Essay Example For Students

Analects Of Confucius Essay The historical backdrop of Chinese human advancement traverses a huge number of years and envelops incalculable thoughts, convictions, and cultural and political regulations. Be that as it may, from a cutting edge viewpoint one unmistakable point of view wins over the rest in the way and degree it has impacted the advancement of China. For the past 2,000 years the lessons of Confucius, and the frameworks of thought and conduct that have developed from them, have effectsly affected Chinese idea, government organizations, writing and social traditions. Confucianism has served an essential job as a social and good way of thinking and as rehearsed by many, particularly in the informed privileged societies, Confucianism had clear strict measurements. The lessons of Confucius served to join a creating society, restricting together different parts of human progress and culture into one intelligible body that capacities under basic qualities and mentalities. Confucius looked for a sort of wi dely inclusive solidarity for the world and for his kin; his intelligence was planned to fill in as guide. In the Analects, an abridgment of Confucian lessons, Confucius said,Be of unflinching great confidence and love learning. Be unflinching unto demise in quest for the great Way. Try not to enter a state which is in danger, nor dwell in one in which the individuals have revolted. At the point when the Way wins on the planet, at that point show yourself. At the point when it doesn't, at that point stow away. At the point when the Way wins in your own state, to be poor and darken is a disrespect; yet when the Way doesn't win in your own state, to be rich and regarded is a disfavor. (Analects 4.5)This exercise serves well as a worldview for Confucian idea; it shows the course that Confucius aimed toward, and the best possible techniques for the excursion. Before attempting to get Confucianism and its association with China, it is important to create and comprehension of China in the pre-Confucius time, in which this way of thinking advanced. The most antiquated proof of Chinese strict and social progress goes back to the Shang tradition, around 1500 B.C.E. In this early rural society, there is proof of a portion of the essential things of most Chinese strict idea; the interest, foundation, upkeep and pleasure in agreement in the natural world. During the Zhou administration (1122 771 B.C.E.), the way started by the Shang was supported and developed. The Zhou mission for congruity and request prompted the improvement of some amazingly critical ideas that would legitimately impact the advancement of Confucianism. It was in this period that the idea of Tian, the power that can be best comprehended as paradise, first became exposed. This later prompted the origination of the possibility of the Mandate of Heaven (Tian-ming) from which rule rs determined all force and feeling of authenticity, because of the understanding of their practices with the standards of profound quality and custom rightness. Regarding this, the moderately steady medieval society of Zhou period was answerable for the rise of the tao. This chief made grandiose request and agreement conceivable; the tao can be thought of as the street or way from which come flawless solidarity, congruity and request. This thought assumed a basic job in the improvement of Confucianism and significantly influenced the course of Chinese turn of events. In the eighth century B.C.E., the Zhou tradition started to self-destruct as savage clans attacked from the west. This prompted the breaking down of Zhou rule and the production of various battling littler states wanting to re-bring together China under another administration. This genuine break in the structure of society and the disharmony that won prompted new developments of thought. The sages of this time felt solid desires to discover answers for the various issues that encompassed them. It presumably is consequently that the six-century B.C.E. was described by particular advancement in Chinese idea, and got known as the age of the hundred savants. Principal in this period, Confucius was conceived. Kung Fu-tzu was the given name of the incredible good scholar and educator, Confucius is simply a romanized variant of this. He is thought to have been conceived in the territory of Lu, in what is currently Shantung Province, in Northeast China. This is the main data about Confucius that is known to be unflinching reality; practically the entirety of the personal data on this man is gotten from the Life of Confucius by the student of history Szema Chien. Almost all the information contained in this book is held to be exact, being gotten from reliable oral conventions. Confucius is said to have set out on his journey for information, request and concordance with an end goal to disperse the contention and dispute that existed in his time. For a mind-blowing duration he would look to realize an arrival to the antiquated qualities, through a normalization of ceremonies, the production of an arrangement of legitimized feudalism and, in particular, the foundation of moral connections dependent on the principals of correspondence and altruism. Confucius undoubtedly began his vocation in a modest position (albeit a few researchers question this) and through his extreme commitment and steadiness had the option to ascend to a regarded position in the common assistance. It was as of now that Confucius is thought to have voyage generally in China, contemplating old customs and functions. His dedication to vestige was real and enthusiastic. Confucius said,I transmit yet don't make. I have been dedicated to and adored artifact (Analects 7.1)Confucius at that po int built up a notoriety for unmistakably censuring government approaches, contending that the administrations of the time were driving the individuals from li, a Confucian motivation that can best be comprehended as an amalgamation of the terms custom, custom, appropriateness and habits. On account of this Confucius started to commit the dominance of his works to instructing and illumination. Confucius is authorize to have stated, I quietly collect information; I consider and don't get exhausted; I show others and don't become tired for these things easily fall into place for me.'(Analects 7.2)Confucius immediately started to build up a notoriety for being a conspicuous teacher and sage. Despite the fact that he had stopped to work as a political executive, his lessons were saturated with governmental issues and state issues. Truth be told, an over the top number of Confucian students made incredible progress as office searchers. In his last years, Confucius wholeheartedly dedicate d himself to altering the old style books of Chinese history currently known as the Wu Jing or Five Classics. In these books Confucius looked to for all time safeguard the antiquated information that he esteemed so beyond all doubt, and it appears to fill in as an ideal heritage for this recognized scholarly. A Synopsis of Accounting for Business Combinations EssayAlong with this recently discovered obsession with indisputably the, Neo-Confucians likewise built up an away from of the most significant Confucian ideals, called the five good principals. Ju Xi, a conspicuous Neo-Confucian scholar said,Mans unique nature is unadulterated and serene. Before it is stimulated, the five good principals of his temperament, called humankind, exemplary nature, respectability, shrewdness and loyalty, are finished. As his physical structure shows up, it comes into contact with outside chimes and is stimulated from inside. As it is excited from inside, the seven emotions, called delight, outrage, distress, happiness, love, loathe and want, result. As emotions become solid and progressively careless, his temperament gets harmed. Thus the edified individual controls his sentiments so they will be as per the Mean. He redresses his psyche and sustains his inclination. (On the same page 2.3)According to this line of reasoning, feelings are grounded in Li, the supreme, and are animated by the exercises of regular daily existence. Commonly the feelings, even annoyance and loathe, are not viewed as awful. Be that as it may, when the feelings become over animated, a dissimilarity may show up between ones inward basic nature and ones external, cognizant life. At the point when this happens, ones activities will never again be as per the Principal and disharmony will continue unbridled. Notwithstanding Neo-Confucianisms accentuation on enthusiastic control, the old good and political position of Confucius was held to be principal. Regarding the antiquated information in the genuine Confucian way, Neo-Confucianism kept on underscoring the guideline of open and private lives. Everything was to be kept in its appropriate spot, and ritualized social examples won. Establishing a solidly controlled public activity was internal agreement and the immediate experience of a definitive Li. Confucianism only controlled the social and political structure of China from the eleventh century through the nineteenth. Much can be learned about China by examining this wonder. Confucianism was consistently a world class convention, and it by and large didn't advance incredibly to the majority. Consequently, in Confucian controlled China, barely any endeavors were made to uncover and break up different strict practices and organizations. In spite of the fact that this could have likely been managed without inordinate exertion, the first Confucian position of rule-by-model was carefully clung to. In this way the Confucian demeanor toward Daoist, Buddhist and people strict practices was one of confounded toleration. It possibly catalyzed into dynamic mistreatment in the event that one of the gatherings entered a position were it was a danger to political steadiness. Confucianism held its cheerful situation in China through exceptional advancement of Confucian organizations followin g up on the state, town, word related society and family level. At the state level, Confucian practices and numerous gatherings were carefully disciple to ceremonies. The informed tip top, erudite people and office holders were frequently faithful supporters of Confucian structure. Two times every year government authorities assembled at Confucian sanctuaries to rehearse decided ceremonies. These customs were very significant, serving to show the authorities reliability to the state and their faithfulness to the thoughts of chun-t

My Most Precious Possession Essay Example

My Most Precious Possession Essay Envision for one second that you are remaining on your neighbors front garden in your night wear, watching your home catch fire. The entirety of your family and pets are protected. On the off chance that right now, you get an opportunity to securely run once again into the consuming structure and recover one valuable having a place, what might if be? I for one as of now have issues like this idea out early. If there should arise an occurrence of crises, I will be prepared to act. The thing I would race to handle would be my CD assortment, as a result of its financial and nostalgic worth. I have an enormous and differing minimized plate assortment. I gauge that I presently own near 300. At the point when you consider that I paid somewhere in the range of ten and fifteen dollars for every one, you may start to see that they are so valuable to me. My gauge comes to thirty-500 dollars. Whenever saw all in all it is one of the absolute most costly things I own. Second and above all is the wistful worth the assortment has. You may think that its odd that plastic can have wistful worth. I guarantee you; it can. I like various kinds of music when I am in various temperaments. I own Cads with the entirety of the accompanying kinds of music: nation, rock, overwhelming metal, pop, exemplary stone, society, reggae, traditional, blues, ask, swing, rap, Spanish, country and numerous different sorts I most likely have overlooked. For a large portion of these CDC I have the track numbers and all the words to most tunes retained from playing them so often. In the event that I hear the completion of a melody that I have in my assortment I can begin singing you the start of the tune straightforwardly after It. I use music to praise my state of mind or to place me In a superior one. Every melody I own says an alternate thing to me or reminds me off an alternate memory of my past. A portion of these circles are for all intents and purposes Irreplaceable. As any music sweetheart can disclose to you nobody music store conveys each CD. I get them at shows from minimal known craftsmen, at cloud music shops, from Internet destinations, or Just about anyplace I see them. Some were very difficult for me to find; others are signed. A couple from my assortment I produced using melodies on my PC; subsequently, they are en off kind. We will compose a custom paper test on My Most Precious Possession explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on My Most Precious Possession explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on My Most Precious Possession explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer One specifically has chronicles of melodies I companion of mine composed. Its not the plates I am so appended to but rather the tunes on them and the manner in which the cause me to feel. If I somehow happened to lose this assortment I would lose not just a huge entirety of cash and a great deal of valuable time spent gathering them, yet every Individual melody that implies such a great amount to me. I assume there Is existence without music, however that is something Id rather not consider. My Most Precious Possession By bigness most melodies remembered from playing them so often. In the event that I hear the consummation off straightforwardly after it. I use music to praise my state of mind or to place me in a superior one. My past. A portion of these plates are for all intents and purposes essential. As any music darling can specialists, at darken music shops, from web locales, or Just about anyplace I see one off kind. One specifically has accounts of tunes I companion of mine composed. Its a great deal of valuable time spent gathering them, however every individual melody that implies such a great amount to me. I assume there is existence without music, yet that is something Id rather not

Great Tips on Professional Research Paper Writing

Great Tips on Professional Research Paper WritingProfessional research paper writing requires a high degree of organization is not something that students in the college classrooms are good at. Good research paper writing skills can be developed through years of experience and practice in the classroom and a working knowledge of college research methods. It takes years of experience and being able to anticipate questions before they come up during a research paper to be successful in the professional research arena.There are a number of techniques that can be used to prepare for assignments in college and they include preparing ahead of time to write your own research papers, taking notes or doing research, and keeping up with assignments as you move up the college ladder. The first technique that can be used is to know what information to include in your paper and what type of questions to ask. There are a number of sources that you can get your information from, including organizat ions like the American Association of University Professors, American Institutes of Research, National Science Foundation, and National Society of Professional Papers. These sources will give you some ideas on how to write your research paper, how to ask questions, and what type of information to include.Students should learn about topics for their research paper from experts in the field and take note of these issues. These topics can include problems, controversies, research questions, key words, and other issues. After determining how to approach these issues, students should also focus on their assignment and get feedback from their professor.When it comes to writing a research paper, students should consider researching prior to writing the paper. There are many resources that can be used in order to gather information about the topic. Students can use magazines, newspapers, and online information sources such as business listings and social media. Having prior knowledge of the topic will help them get started on their research.Students should take notes during the class lectures and while they are completing the research. This allows them to have ideas when writing their research paper. During the course of writing a research paper, students should keep track of the time they spend and keep all their notes.During the course of their research paper, students should know when they can expect a question to come up. They should plan out their response before the question comes up so that it will be ready before the professor or class member raises the question. Questions that are found in research papers are an example of the types of questions that students should be prepared for when writing a research paper. The methods that are used to gather data and the types of methods used to prepare for the actual question are also a part of the research paper process.College and university students should consider developing a working relationship with their profes sors because this will help them prepare for the test that they will be taking. They should work together in class and develop a working relationship that will benefit them both. In addition, they should always be prepared to answer any questions that are asked by the professor and that will give them a more successful and accurate grade for the assignment.Writing a research paper is not something that a student can do alone. They need to rely on their professors and good research strategies as well as having good notes and research material to prepare for the assignment. Students should consider working with an adviser to help them out during the course of their research and to prepare for their test.

Human Resources- Result PartThe relationship between supervisors Essay

HR Result PartThe connection between bosses authority style and subordinate impression of employment fulfillment paper - Essay Example is, these various leveled models will permit us to evaluate the degree to which relapse coefficients shift over the various gatherings while taking up quality from the full model. A progressive relapse is utilized in light of the fact that the free factors are very corresponded. At the point when these connected factors are at the same time remembered for the relapse model, multi-co linearity comes up. Information introduction was done under various total factors. The factors incorporate age, sexual orientation, work understanding, position held and the degree of training. The information examination has a consistent of 1.065 in section B and a steady standard deviation of 0.411 in model 1, a steady of 0.404 in B segment and a steady standard blunder of 0.353 in model 2. Model 3 has a consistent B segment of 4.53 and a steady standard blunder of 0.367. To finish this information, the three arrangements of information from the models have been assessed. The assessment concentrated on the dependability of data from the factors from the various polls, the representativeness of the number of inhabitants in the reliant factors and the orientation of generous contrasts between the models. Correspondence skill and working hours t-test figure showed up at is zero (0.00). This shows they lowly affect the worker work fulfillment from the investigation of the information. The initial two factors, age and sexual orientation, show negative unstandardized coefficients in model 1. The fourth factor, ORG residency, additionally has a negative unstandardized coefficient in B segment in model 1. Instruction level has a negative figure in model 2 and 3. The authority style in model 3 is depicted as a negative. The negative figures are demonstrated in the unstandardized and normalized coefficients and the t-test result figure. The negative figure shows that the variable insignificantly affects work fulfillment and stress. From the information gathered from various people of various ages, training levels, business nature and distinctive work

Cost Reduction Using Ten Inventory Management Techniques - An Article Review - Free Essay Example

Mark S. Miller, Thomas M. Graddy / Cost Reduction Using Ten Inventory Management Techniques/85th Annual International Conference Proceedings à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 2000/ Oct. 12 2011 This article reveals about the annual investment companies make in inventory represent between 20% and 40% of invested capital. Inventory ties up cash, takes up space, requires handling, deteriorates and is sometimes lost or stolen. Purchasing can play a major role in managing the investment in inventory. We will discuss how inventory reduction impacts bottom line costs and outline ten inventory management techniques that the buyer can use to reduce inventory costs. It is very critical that purchasing management recognize the financial impact that inventory plays. For purchasing to get the proper credit cost for reducing inventory it is important to recognize its impact to the balance sheet, the income statement and cash flow. Inventories can be found under the current asset section of the balance sheet. Inventories are often also broken down into segments: raw material, work in process and finished goods. Financial analysts carefully watch changes in the year to year inve ntory balances. Inventory is included on the income statement in the calculation of cost of goods sold. If the inventory investment is reduced, the net income is increased. The table below shows that for every dollar that the inventory is reduced, net income is increased by the same dollar. James Watson/ Inventory management strategies for cost reduction/ The Globe and Mail/ Thursday, Sep. 06 2012 The article explains if youve been in business for a while, you should have some record of what sold and what didnt sell throughout the year. Analyze that data. Break the inventory down into categories and try to correlate the categories with customers. Trends or patterns will likely emerge. Depending on what business youre in, these might correspond to the rhythm of the seasons, or they could relate to the financial year-ends of your biggest customers. To recover some of the cash you have tied up in à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“deadà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  inventory, mark it down for quick sale. Divide y our dead inventory into the bad (meaning not selling right now) and the unsellable. Be realistic and merciless. Display and price the bad stuff so that it will sell. What you paid for it is not important. What is important is that customers buy it and take it off your hands. Or you can see if your distributor might be willing to take some of that inventory back. Structure your proposal so that the distributor gets something out of the deal. Perhaps they have other clients who could use that stock. Alternatively, you might offer to try out that new range of products theyve been pushing. The distributor may only be able to provide a discount on your next order, but that will at least help improve your future cash flow. As a last resort, you may be able to donate the unsellable inventory to charity and generate a receipt for tax purposes. There are other ways to do business without maintaining excess or unproductive inventory. You can, for instance, stock your fastest-moving item s but maintain a drop-shipment agreement with the manufacturers or distributors of slower-selling products. Under a drop-shipment arrangement, the manufacturer or distributor takes care of shipping directly to the customer, and you dont have to keep inventory in stock. Inevitably, there will be items that donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t sell at full price, so you will have to eliminate them from your inventory. By planning ahead, you can set the dates for the markdown sale and eventual liquidation of stock that isnt moving. With a plan, youll be more in control: as each sales period passes, youll be able to measure results against the expected outcome and adjust yourbusiness plan accordingly. Still, if dead inventory is a recurring problem in your business, there could be deep-seated problems that you may have difficulty solving. In such circumstances, it might be helpful to call in outside expertise such as that offered by BDC Consulting, which has a national network of business advisers to help you plan inventory, manage accounts receivable and improve your companys cash flow. Khudsiya Quadr/ Can You Bring Cost Down through Better Inventory Management? /Finance daily/ February 24 2009 This article showcases about cost cuttingandcost reducing, with regards to the overall supply chain network. The most effective way of cost reduction in supply chain is through the collaborative effort of the whole organization. As discussed previously, the supply chain has various areas where cost reduction can be done, but for this blog, I want to focus on cost reduction with better or best inventory management processes and practices. Basicallyinventorycan appear in a variety of forms, such as raw material, goods in process, and finished goods.And each form represents funds (money) that are tied up until that inventory is used up by company as sold goods. Similarly, in retail stores, any stock on the shelves represents dollars tied up until it sells. In other words, inventor y is anything holding up operating funds.The main objective of a supply chain is to have the right inventory, at the right time, at the right location with the right quantity. To achieve this objective, ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s key to have a proper inventory management process in place within the organization. There are numerous ways to achieve this without driving up the cost of operations or the cost of inventory. Most importantly, such strategies will help the organization reduce the cost associated with inventory. There are some common techniques and some unique business processes which can be implemented to achieve cost reduction and help with the better management of inventory. Many organizations should implement the following ten practices to reduce inventory costs: 1. Conduct periodic reviews and audits of various inventories being held in-house. 2. Analyze the usage and lead times of on-hand and order book inventory. 3. Reduce safety stock based on customer demand. 4. Use80/20 rule(ABC approach) for inventory control.5. Improve cycle counting techniques for inventory management. 6. Use vendor managed inventory or implement vendor stocking programs, which means supplier are managing inventory with the organization. 7. Usecollaborative planning and replenishment(CPFR) business processes and IT standards to collaborate among multiple parties in the supply chain network. 8. Improve the forecast of each product at the item level, i.e. use a variety of demand forecasting arithmetic models. No single set of algorithms fits all customersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ forecast or product families. 9. Communicate demand/hard orders to suppliers for better delivery of inventory. 10. Implement new inventory software which usesinventory quality ratio methodologyandmulti-echelon inventory optimizationtools. Thompson, Kevin Mark / Reducing cost through inventory management/ Massachusetts Institute of Technology/:1996 This article explains about Inventory management involves the control of the current assets, namely raw materials, work in process and finished goods. The main objective of inventory management is to minimize the total cost- both direct and indirect, which are associated with holding the inventories. A reduction in the excessive inventories has a favorable impact on the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s profitability. Main purpose of inventory holding inventory is cost effective and helps achieve sales at competitive prices. The other objectives of holding inventories are: To ensure prompt delivery. To avail quantity discounts. To reduce the order cost. To avoid production shortage. To achieve efficient production runs. Costs associated with holding inventories. Material cost. Ordering cost. Carrying cost. Stock Out cost. Each of the above mentioned costs can be controlled through efficient inventory management techniques. Economic order quantity (EOQ): This refers to the optimal ordering quantity that will incur the minimum total cost (order cost and carrying cost) for an item of inventory. With the increase in the order size, the ordering cost decreases but the carrying cost increases and the optimal order quantity is determined where these two costs are equal. The company should also keep an eye on the level of safety stock and the lead-time associated with the orders made.The ABC system: This is also referred to as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“always better controlà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . It is a selective inventory management technique. This is used when there are varied items in large quantities are involved. In this system, the items are segregated into three groups, namely A, B, and C. The items falling in category A are those that involve the maximum investment. Likewise, the items that require minimum investme nt are classified into group C. Advantages this approach helps in selective control of inventories. It helps in pinpointing the obsolete stocks. It reduces the clerical costs and results in better inventory planning. Limitations The gradation of the items may include many subjective elements The results should be periodically updated. Amarita Bansal/ Reduce Costs through Inventory Management/ Indian Financial Journal / June 1, 2013 The article explains about how inventory management can play a large role in your success. Whether youre a small business owner or a franchisee, efficiently managing your inventory system will not only make your inventory flow more smoothly, but also help reduce your costs. Regardless of industry, people rarely spend enough time managing their inventory, says Shawn Casemore, president and founder of Casemore Co., an Ontario-based business that partners with clients to improve operational performance. Consider these steps to prepare and maintain an efficient, cost-effective inventory system. This can lead to extra inventory costs. Youll end up having to clearance it or sell it at a discounted rate, Felt says. Reduce inventory where possible to mitigate costs, Casemore says. To achieve this, you might consider a vendor-managed inventory system. A good solution for low-value, consuma ble items, this system is an arrangement with a vendor who will replenish your supplies, but they dont charge you for them until youve used them. According to Casemore, if your vendors can do this, you should consider outsourcing to them. Position Inventory Properly How you store, organize and position inventory in a warehouse can increase the efficiency of your inventory system. For example, keep your fastest-moving inventory up front, making it easier for those pulling the items. When warehouses are organized, everything has a flow, says Ben Philbrook, managing partner and director of operations at Chase Canopy, a tent and special event rental company, with locations in New England. Philbrook says its important to have like items together. For example, his warehouse stores both tents and their parts, as well as fragile items, like glasses and china Hau L. Lee and Corey Billington/ Supply chain management reducing cost /Journal of Strategic Financing/ October 1, 1993 This art icle explains about how supply chain is a network of facilities that performs the functions of procurement of material, transformation of material to intermediate and finished products, and distribution of finished products to customers. Often, organizational barriers between these facilities exist, and information flows can be restricted such that complete centralized control of material flows in a supply chain may not be feasible or desirable. Consequently, most companies use decentralized control in managing the different facilities at a supply chain. In this paper, we describe what manufacturing managers at Hewlett-Packard Company (HP) see as the needs for model support in managing material flows in their supply chains. These needs motivate our initial development of such a model for supply chains that are not under complete centralized control. We report on our experiences of applying such a model in a new product development project of the DeskJet printer supply chain at HP. F inally, we discuss avenues to develop better models, as well as to fully exploit the power of such models in application. Thomas, H., Sanvido, V., and Sanders, S / material management in cost savings/Journal of Contemporary Research In Business/ 1989 This article explains about research has indicated that formal material management programs have the potential to yield significant construction cost savings, yet smallÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  and mediumÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ sized commercial contractors may not feel that an integrated material management program is cost effective. The objective of this paper is to quantify the adverse impacts of ineffective material management practices. Data collected as part of an ongoing construction productivity study is used to analyze and compare the effects of material management practices on two steel erection projects. Rules of credit were applied to calculate the daily output. Adverse conditions caused by the lack of an effective material management program are identified, and the days on which the conditions occurred are noted. For these days, the actual daily productivity is compared with the expected productivity to determine the number of workÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ hours lost. The cost impact is compared to the cost of effective material management. The results show a benefits/cost ratio of 5.7, favoring greater attention to material management. Akintola Akintoyea / Inventory represents cost to procure/ CPA Practice Management Forum / 1995 The article show cases how materials constitute a huge proportion of the cost of construction. Materials are sometimes ordered weeks or even months ahead of requirement leading to uneconomical inventory on construction sites or contractors warehouses. Building material inventory represents cost to procure, cost to store and insure, cost to guard against theft and cost incurred when inventory becomes obsolete. This paper presents an overview of the Just-in-Time (JIT) production system and discusses application and implementation issues for the control of material inventory in building construction. JIT ensures that suppliers deliver directly to the production floor to achieve either a reduction in inventory or zero inventory and consequently a reduction in production costs. Implementation of JIT building material management in construction has the potential to realize the same far reaching benefits experienced in manufacturing. Relevant factors to consider in JIT implementation for material inventory management in construction are implications for construction output and quantities, production planning, design planning, construction contractor and suppliers relationships, material sourcing, and education and training. Lee, Y Bogardi and Stansbury, J./ Decision support using material management /International Journal Of Finance And Technology / Sep 2013 A decision support system based on a modified fuzzyÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã ¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ composite programming method is developed to assist decision makers in solving multipleÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ objective decision problems under uncertainty. The method is applied to a dredged material management problem involving disposal of polluted dredged material at multiple disposal sites, where there are conflicting objectives such as environmental risk and cost, and the information regarding the impacts of dredged material disposal on each site is uncertain. Using the modified fuzzyÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ composite programming method, values of the risk and cost are transformed into fuzzy numbers (i.e., fuzzy risk and fuzzy cost) to incorporate uncertainties associated with the risk and cost into the riskÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ versusÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ cost tradeÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ off analysis. Venkatapparao Mummalanenia, Khalid M. Dubas and Chiang-nan Chaoc/ Business Wire [New York] /01 Mar 2006: 1/ Purchasing managers need to periodically evaluate supplier performance in order to retain those suppliers who meet their requirements in terms of several performance criteria. Six attributes frequently used as performance criteria are identified and used in this study. These attributes are: on-time delivery, quality, price/cost targets, professionalism, responsiveness to customer needs, and long-term relationships with the purchasing company. Purchasing managers use all six attributes jointly in evaluating supplier performance. Further, in making their choices the purchasing managers must necessarily make trade-offs among different levels of these attributes. Conjoint analysis is the appropriate method for measuring preferences where several attributes are used jointly in an overall evaluation. This article reports the results of an exploratory study examining the trade-offs made by Chinese purchasing managers among the six attributes identified earlier. The priorities of Chinese ma nagers as well as the trade-offs they make are finally discussed in terms of their implications for Western marketers

Research Paper on Biology

Research Paper on Biology One of the least certain elements of the nature is a plant. What are the effects of the human intervention in the vegetation of the particular areas? How can the humanity reduce negative impact on nature, not affecting the technological progress? These questions are widely discussed in scientific literature and practical studies performed in biological field. There are no recent researches, however, done specifically to analyse the affect of global warming on the vegetation of the radical regions of Brazil. It was decided to focus on the Pantanal region and evaluate the affect of the recent climate changes on the production of beef and soy that are the main products of the region. Our primary research question is formulated as follows: What are the effects of the recent climate changes on the meat and soy production in the region? Based on the nature of the questions and taking into consideration the fact that a lot of studies have analysed the changes, one of the main research methodologies is observational analysis and literature review. After examination of previous works and analysis of the region, made by the scientists on the vegetation of Pantanal region in Brazil, we have compared the observations with our latest findings to identify the difference and shift in the trends. The research showed the following findings: During the last three years dry and rain seasons in the region experienced radical temperatures. Temperature reached record level for the last twenty years in the January 2010. Regional export of meat reduced by 12% during the last two years due to the climate changes. Soy production is reducing by 8% on annual basis as a result of the extreme temperatures during dry season. The objective of the research paper is to raise the concern on the human intervention in the nature climate processes and possible consequences in the nearest future.

Cultual Diversity in My Community - 1668 Words

Cultural diversity is a major epidemic in this world today. There are many small towns that do not want to deal with the diversity of people and do not want to accept diversity into their community. My community, which is known as Princeton, was developed in the early 1800 s, and we are one of those communities. The most common issues with cultural diversity are race and gender. Although the majority of people in my community feel that the days of cultural diversity are long gone, I would have to beg to differ with them and bring to their attention a few of the opposing issues that still occur here in our community. As our textbooks have taught us, cultural diversity has been alive since the beginning of time and from the way that it†¦show more content†¦Once the business was established, the owner began to hire in employees from the Hispanic race. The elderly people of the city petitioned for the restaurant to be closed at once. There were no substantial evidence for t he closure and therefore the petition was not granted. The community refused to allow any type of growth to come into it, especially when the business owners were from a minority race. Due to the rapid growth surrounding our community areas, the city was forced to agree on the expansion and growth of the city (Bull, 2007). Without the decision for approval to expand the city and businesses, the city itself would have eventually been taken over by the rapid growth of all the surrounding cities. Once the agreement for growth and advancement took effect, it has slowly begun to allow immigrants of all races the opportunity to move into our community. If it s not enough for our city leaders to be against the culture diversity, our long time members are as well. Therefore, a lot of the population refuses to go to the businesses that are owned by someone of a minority group. This situation has gotten so bad that some of the citizens completely refuse to go into a store or business if there was someone of another race working inside. The you nger generation of our community is moreShow MoreRelatedHybridity in Arudhati Roys the God of Small Things3718 Words   |  15 Pagesquestion of Hybridity especially with reference to examine Arudhati Roy’s epoch making work named The God of Small Things (1997). Every human being, in addition to having his own personal identity, has a sense of who he is in relation to the larger community--the nation. Postcolonial studies is the attempt to strip away conventional perspective and examine what that national identity might be for a postcolonial subject. To read literature from the perspective of postcolonial studies is to seek out--to

Rumble in the Jungle

On October 30, 1974, boxing champions George Foreman and Muhammad Ali faced off in Kinshasa, Zaire in â€Å"the Rumble in the Jungle†, an epic match widely recognized as one of the most important sporting events in recent history. The venue, the politics of the two fighters, and the efforts of its promoter, Don King, made this heavy-weight championship into a fight over competing ideas of black identity and power. It was a multi-million dollar anti-colonial, anti-white dominance exhibition, and one of the grandest spectacles of Mobutu Sese Seko’s long reign in the Congo. The Pan-Africanist versus the All American The â€Å"Rumble in the Jungle† came about because Muhammad Ali, the former heavy-weight champion, wanted his title back. Ali opposed the American Vietnam War, which he saw as another manifestation of white oppression of other races. In 1967, he refused to serve in the US Army and was found guilty of draft evasion. In addition to being fined and jailed, he was stripped of his title and banned from boxing for three years. His stance, though, earned him the support of anti-colonialists world-wide, including in Africa. During Ali’s ban from boxing, a new champion emerged, George Foreman, who proudly waved the American flag at the Olympics. This was a time when many other African-American athletes were raising the black power salute, and white Americans saw Foreman as an example of powerful, but unthreatening black masculinity. Foreman supported America, because he himself had been lifted out of grinding poverty by governmental programs. But for many people of African descent, he was the white man’s black man. Black Power and Culture From the start the match was about Black Power in more ways than one. It was organized by Don King, an African-American sports promoter in an era when only white men managed and profited from sporting events. This match was the first of King’s spectacle prize fights, and he promised an unheard of $10-million-dollar prize purse.   King needed a wealthy host, and he found it in Mobutu Sese Seko, then leader of Zaire (now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo). In addition to hosting the match, Mobutu brought in some of the most renowned black musicians in the world at that time to perform in a massive three-day party to coincide with the fight. But when George Foreman was injured in training, the match had to be postponed. All those musicians could not postpone their performances, though, so the concerts ended up being held five weeks before the fight itself, to the disappointment of many. Still the match and its fanfare were a clear statement about the value and beauty of black culture and identity. Why Zaire? According to Lewis Erenberg, Mobutu spent   $15 million dollars on the stadium alone. He got assistance, reportedly from Liberia, for the music concerts, but the total sum spent on the match is equal to at least $120 million dollars in 2014, and probably far more. What was Mobutu thinking in spending so much on a boxing match? Mobutu Sese Seko was known for his spectacles with which he asserted the power and wealth of Zaire, despite the fact that by the end of his rule, most Zairians were living in deep poverty. In 1974, though, this trend was not yet as evident. He had been in power for nine years, and during that time Zaire had witnessed economic growth. The country, after initial struggles, appeared to on the rise, and the Rumble in the Jungle was a party for Zairians as well as a massive marketing scheme to promote Zaire as a modern, exciting place to be. Celebrities like Barbara Streisand attended the match, and it brought the country international attention. The new stadium gleamed, and the match drew favorable attention. Colonial and Anti-Colonial Politics At the same time, the very title, coined by King, â€Å"the Rumble in the Jungle† reinforced images of Darkest Africa. Many Western viewers also saw the large images of Mobutu displayed at the match as signs of the cult of power and sycophantism they expected of African leadership. When Ali won the match in the 8th round, though, it was a victory for all those who had seen this as a match of white versus black, of establishment versus an anti-colonial new order. Zairians and many other former colonial subjects celebrated Ali’s victory and his vindication as the heavy weight champion of the world. Sources: Erenberg, Lewis A. â€Å"Rumble in the Jungle†: Muhammad Ali vs. George Foreman in the Age of Global Spectacle.Journal of Sport History  39, no. 1 (2012): 81-97. https://muse.jhu.edu/  Journal of Sport History 39.1 (Spring 2012) Van Reybrouck, David. Congo: The Epic History of a People. Translated by Sam Garrett. Harper Collins, 2010.   Ã‚   Williamson, Samuel. Seven Ways to Compute the Relative Value of a U.S. Dollar Amount, 1774 to present, MeasuringWorth,  2015.

The Author of the Black Death John Aberth Essay - 828 Words

Author, John Aberth was born on July 6, 1963. He currently lives in Roxbury, Vermont and serves as an associate academic dean at Castleton State College. There he teaches several history class. He has also taught at many other colleges in Vermont, including the University of Vermont. In 1992, John Aberth received his Ph.D. from the University of Cambridge in Medieval Studies after he received his masters from the University of Leeds. He is the author of five books, whose main focus is the effects of the Black Death in the later Middle Ages, including The First Horsemen: Disease in Human History, The Black Death: The Great Mortality of 1348-1350, and A Knight at the Movies: Medieval History on Film. Published in 2001, From the Brink of the†¦show more content†¦Aberth dedicates the first section to the First Horseman, Famine. The beginning of the chapter is focused on the decline of medicine in the Middle Ages. He insists that mens actions led to famine by ways of warfare, mon ies, and the provision of armies. The second chapter is devoted to the Second Horseman, War. The most famous war during the Middle Ages is the Hundred Years War. It is there that Aberth begins his chapter. He explains that the shift from chivalry to a new desire and determination to exterminate the enemy (p. 63) is the cause of war. The third chapter is committed to the third horseman, Plague. Many previous scholars believed the death rates from the Black Plague were between one-fourth and one-third of the population. Through careful research Aberth revised those numbers and increased them to about forty percent. â€Å"He asserts that there is no link between hunger and disease, citing a high death rate among the well-fed monks of Canterbury and the secular nobility, Edson Piedmont from Choice Reviews. The fourth chapter is concerned with the fourth horseman, Death. Aberth observed many artifacts and tombs built during the Middle Ages. He found that the tombs portrayed the dead as decaying corpses. He also studied the Dance of Death who purpose was to create hope of resurrection, salvation, and eternal life. The topic on which John Aberth chose to write about is interesting to many people, including youngerShow MoreRelatedResearch Paper Proposal: The Black Death1171 Words   |  5 Pagesinto consideration the perspectives of the individuals that lived and died as a result of the Black Death, specifically from the year 1348 CE – 1350 CE and in the better known parts of the world during that period, the reactions, preventative measure that were taken to combat the plague, the religious and governmental response. In the collection of primary sources amassed by John Aberth in The Black Death, 1348-1350: the great mortality of 1348-1350 ; a brief history with documents1 he very succinctlyRead MoreAnti Semitism On France Before, During And Post Dreyfus Affair2837 Words   |  12 Pagesthemselves have stuck to their religious roots and have not given up on their culture or their beliefs in spite of risking violence and hatred from many cultures that they live amongst. In France especially, the history of anti-semitism stems back from the Black Plague of Europe and rose and fell depending of the emotional standing of the people of the country and different times. This paper will discuss the history of this anti-semitism in france, the historical events that caused much strife for the jewish

Gang Violence, Murder And The Kids From The Poor Side Of...

Gang violence, murder and the kids from the poor side of town- the perfect set up for an action-packed drama. Yet, the movie The Outsiders paints a very atypical picture of the boys living on the bad side of the town. The main character, Ponyboy, shows the viewer what life is like inside of the Greaser gang and the rivalry between the Greasers and the upscale Soc gang. The characters that make up the Greaser gang are unique and complex, but we can see that they all feel things deeply and completely, which is important to understanding why Ponyboy expresses his feeling the way he does. During the film the two youngest and innocent of the members, Ponyboy and Johnny, kill one of the Socs out of self-defense and flee the city; during his time away from the town, Ponyboy begins to see the differences between himself and his friends. Ponyboy’s biggest struggle throughout the film is that he is suffering from an identity crisis and feels alone. This is crucial to understanding the f ilm because the audience can see as he struggles with fitting in and being able to connect to the other members. Pony and Johnny grow closer throughout the turn of events, the friendship and love they share is the main factor that leads to Ponyboy accepting himself at the end of the film. From the beginning of the film, it is apparent that Ponyboy differs from the other gang members that he hangs out with, and one difference is that he has a love for the arts and literature. In the opening scene,Show MoreRelatedSimilarities and Differences Between Romeo and Juliet and Lord of the Flies1676 Words   |  7 Pagesend up in fights resulting in murder, followed by revenge and more murder – Tybalt kills Mercutio, Romeo kills Tybalt despite knowing that Tybalt is his new wife’s cousin. †¢ Juliet finds out that Romeo kills her cousin, but tolerates it. †¢ Juliet would rather die than marry Paris †¢ Romeo kills Paris †¢ Double Suicides – First Romeo, then Juliet after she wakes up †¢ No Parents are around for maturity and authority after the children arrive at the island †¢ Jack goes from hesitating to kill a pig toRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Outsider Essay1917 Words   |  8 Pagespublished in 1966 .The book is all about the society , class, rich and poor.At that time there was a two group soc and greaser we further do study about this in introduction. The themes that highlighted in this book are bridge between rich and poor , violence ,isolation,class difference the theme which i am going to highlight is violation and isolation because now a day sthese two are so common between teenager age. â€Æ' INTRODUCTION S.E Hinton (Susan Eloise Hinton) was born in july 22 1948 .SheRead MoreEssay on Analysis Of Clockwork Orange1190 Words   |  5 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The film, â€Å"A Clockwork Orange,† is, to me, an almost exact replica of today’s society. Basically, one kid, who seems to have come from a financially sound home and community, goes through about three stages--1. He violates the laws society has set forth to maintain order. 2. He is caught and punished for his crimes against society. 3. He feels remorse for his violence and sexually deviance (although, at the end of the film, he’s back to his old, delinquent self). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;TheRead MoreThere Are No Children Here Essay2507 Words   |  11 Pagesâ€Å"There Are No Children Here† follows the life of two young boys, Pharoah and Lafayette as they battle everyday life in the dangerous neighborhood of Henry Horner. Many of the life events of Pharoah and Lafayette’s book â€Å"There are no Children Here† can be tied to lessons in the book of â€Å"Juvenile Delinquency.† Some of the more prominent themes are macro level theories, critical theory of labeling, juvenile justice system, and drugs and gangs. In this book summary I will be discussing how these theoriesRead MoreViolence Among Youths2563 Words   |  11 PagesLeading contributing factors of youth violence include the media, the influence of family life, widespread abuse of drugs and alcohol, the ease of access to weapons and a lack of strong punishment that exists for juvenile offenders. If this rise in aggressive acts is to be stemmed, the causes y outh violence must be determined and analyzed to determine which ones, if any can be affected by change. First, the most obvious and publicized cause explaining youth violence is the inescapable and highly influentialRead MoreViolence Is The Enemy Of Youth2822 Words   |  12 PagesViolence is the enemy of youth. â€Å"Violence by young people is one of the most visible forms of violence. Both fatal and nonfatal assaults involving young people, contribute greatly to the global burden of premature death, injury and disability† (Woodward). Over the years, teen violence has become an increasing problem in the United States. Year after year, since the 1990’s teen violence and gang involvement has escalated and has remained high ever since. This may include shootings, hurting innocentRead MoreIs Gang Violence Worth It?1964 Words   |  8 PagesUche Igbokwe Mr. Hines ELA 11 - Period 6 18 March 2016 Is Gang Violence Worth it? Back in 2015 there was a great concern with fraternity homicides, especially with Asian-American fraternities and sororities. Originated from Chinese men in 1916 attending Cornell University, there are now more than 65 Asian-American fraternities and sororities throughout the country today. They were created because Asians found themselves excluded from the other white fraternities in many universities. Unknown toRead MoreCharacters, Loyalty, and Violence in Hintons The Outsiders Essay1861 Words   |  8 PagesIn The Outsiders by S.E. Hinton the author used three main points such as characters, loyalty and violence. The main character of the story, Ponyboy, is fourteen years old. He along with his brothers and his best friend joins a gang on the east side called the greasers, who are poor and wild and also reckless because they have nobody who will take care of them and show them the right way to do things so they have to do everything by themselves (Hinton 24). Ponyboy has two brothers who live togetherRead MoreJuveniles and Adult Time Essay1802 Words   |  8 PagesFor years now it has been a big controversial argument on whether or not juveniles should be treated like adults in the judicial process. Both sides have very strong arguments as to why it should or should not be legal. There are many pros and cons dealing with this topic. There have been many different cases that have occurred that has struck up debate on whether or not juveniles deserve the same treatment. This judicial system had not always had this problem to deal with. Early court systemsRead MoreReview Of Coming Of Age 1372 Words   |  6 Pagesuncertainty of being harassed or possibly â€Å"jumped† by the â€Å"Socials, the jet set, the West-side rich kids.† During one’s coming of age, exterior looks matter. Ponyboy identifies himself as a greaser-- often stereotyped as a hood, a menace to society. â€Å"The Outsiders†, from the beginning to the end, is centered on the gang rivalry between the underprivileged Greasers from the east side of town and the rich Socs from the west side. In particular, the plot is about the development of one of the Greasers, Ponyboy

In Flames free essay sample

Im doing a review on a very famous death metal band called In Flames. There a very good band that is listened to by many people. Many people try to be like them but they cannot because the guitar and drum player are way to good. The things they do with there instruments are crazy. It takes years of practice to be able to do what they do and even then its hard. They are a very good band but they are a little violent. Most parents dont like them. Which is why its rather hard to listen to them if you have over protective parents. They do get you pumped up though so they are good a little. But in some people it causes them to be violent and to think very violent things. Also not for the weak hearted. And if you get scared easily you may have nightmares. We will write a custom essay sample on In Flames or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Other than that there really good. They have a great guitarist drummer and singer. Some people say if the drummer and guitarist had started with some other types of music they could of been great. And I agree because they can move there hands and fingers to point were its just grossly hard and even people who have been playing for many years have a hard time playing there music. There music is very unique. They use there distortions and synthesizers like no one else does its very strange but it sounds really good. I believe they started the melodic death metal genre. They are very different and many people listen to them. They are very rich since theyve been around for so long and they gathered quite a fan base. It would be very hard to make them unpopular. Although they are very good they are only popular with a certain type of crowed. Only the people who wear chains and spikes and things like that listen to them normally there are some people who just like what they like and dont dress in any specific way. Others find them disgusting and others just cant stand them but I personally love them. And many other people do as well. They are in many peoples opinions one of the best bands out there. They have such a large fan base that they can make a real difference if they chose to get political like they friends from system of down. But they are to entirely different bands and In Flames is not political. They are very good and influential none the less. That is also why no one would dare try to assassinate one of there members like some other people have tried to do with other band members like dime bag Darrel (may he rest in peace) because if they did they wouldnt have a chance to be arrested because the fans would tear them to pieces. They wouldnt live very long after doing something like that. All in all In Flames is one of the best bands out there and this is a positive review. They kick buttROCK ON!!!!!!!!!

Music means to me free essay sample

What music means to me, and the type of music I enjoy listening to ay firebombed There are many kinds of music I listen to, and to each kind it fits a mood. A heavy rock ballad suits my mood when am either angry or needing an energetic boost. A fast paced punk rock track makes my day anytime. It is something I need like oxygen, and food. The songs that have memories, and the songs that have the most meaning, are the tunes I dont mind listening to when the mood suites. I enjoy a variety of music in my life to listen to, and each song affects me a different way.Heavy rock is a type of music I enjoy listening to when I feel angry, or when I need a boost of energy. When I am angry or upset I like to listen to the song In This River by Black Label Society. We will write a custom essay sample on Music means to me or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is a great mellow song to listen to when I am troubled, and helps me think. It was also dedicated to Damage Darrel after his death. When I need a boost of energy I play the tune Before I Forget by Slipknot. The song to me means that you should be true to self, and remember your roots of where you came from, and the only one that matters Is yourself.Punk rock is a type of music I breathe. It Is a type of music that I cannot live without. Many punk rock songs reveal things of every day life. When I wake up in the morning and take my shower I have punk rock music In my CD player. To me It makes my day Nay better. The tune preformed by Hollowware, Ocean Avenue has always been one of my favorites. To me the song Is about a relationship that ended because someone moved far away to pursue his or her career. I like It because It Is a great Jam to liven up my morning.Another tune that has a catchy riff Is Nth Degree by Mornings. They are a new band that many people havent heard about. The only reason I like his song Is because It has a great beat, and a catchy tune. There are a few songs that when I hear memories come back to me. Everybody has tunes that remind him or her of something. For me there are songs that bring back bad memories, and there are songs that bring back great memories that I wish I could relive.The song Only One by Hollowware brings back sad memories of having problems In a relationship, and the guy wanting to fix things because he really loves me, but I left. I was too occupied with other things to care, and he Just gave up and ended things with me. A popular tune that Is by Unelectable, It Is called How You Remind Me. This song has meaning for me because when a bunch of my friends and I were hanging out, I called the radio station and had It dedicated to us. So from this day on every time I hear this song It will remind of the good times. Eve explained my favorite type of music, and tunes that remind me of good and bad memories. I am sure you have songs that have meaning to you and when you hear It, It Induces a mood. I enjoy a variety of music In my life, and each song I hear, even If I have never heard It before, each song affects me a different way. Heavy rock is a type of music I enjoy listening to when I feel angry, or when I need a cost of energy I play the tune Before I Forget by Slipknot. The song to me means and the only one that matters is yourself. Punk rock is a type of music I breathe. It is a type of music that I cannot live without. And take my shower I have punk rock music in my CD player. To me it makes my day of my favorites. To me the song is about a relationship that ended because someone moved far away to pursue his or her career. I like it because it is a great Jam to liven Jp my morning. Another tune that has a catchy riff is Nth Degree by Mornings. They are a new band that many people havent heard about. The only reason I like his song is because it has a great beat, and a catchy tune. Could relive.The song Only One by Hollowware brings back sad memories of having problems in a relationship, and the guy wanting to fix things because he really loves ended things with me. A popular tune that is by Knickknack, it is called How You and I were hanging out, I called the radio station and had it dedicated to us. So from this day on every time I hear this song it will remind of the good times. Hear it, it induces a mood. I enjoy a variety of music in my life, and each song I hear, even if I have never heard it before, each song affects me a different way.

Why Space Essays - Space Policy, Spaceflight, Apollo Program

Why Space? How does space exploration and an organization like NASA (National Aeronautical and Space Administration) benefit the United States? The formation of NASA to monitor and explore space has served the United States by supplying us with advancements in medicine, military defense, consumer products and the citizens of all participating countries a sense of pride in their countries. Space exploration has evolved from being a source of bragging rights during the cold war to a tool to develop faster ways of communication and scientific breakthroughs that are used to cure and/or prevent diseases. The United States has become a world power by using NASA to develop ways to defend the USA as well as benefit the inhabitants of the world. Early History After the end of W.W.I the United States did not think much about space travel. But as soon as the USSR launched Sputnik I in 1958, the first artificial satellite to orbit the earth, the USA quickly began to attempt to create a satellite of their own. Before the United States could create a satellite, the Soviets announced that they made and launched their second satellite named Sputnik II, it was the first biological spacecraft. After the launching of Sputnik II the US felt tremendous pressure to launch its first satellite. The United States quickly launched Explorer I, the first American satellite in space, Explorer was created to measure cosmic rays and micrometeorites in earth's atmosphere. The US then launched another satellite named Vanguard I to measure the amounts of radiation in outer-space. The launching of satellites by both the US and USSR would soon lead to manned space travel. After the launching of Vanguard I by the USAF, the US realized that they would need a federal organization to regulate space travel. In 1959 the US government created NASA to maintain and expand the United State's interests in space travel. Not long after the creation of NASA, the organization quickly experiment with space suits and space vessels to prepare for sending a man into space. The Soviets soon announced that they launched a satellite called Luna II that was meant to take the first close-up pictures of the sun. It was the first rocket to leave the earth's gravitational field. The US continued to work on their goal of sending a man into space by selecting and beginning to train seven men in May 1959. These first seven American astronauts were named the Mercury 6. While the United States was selecting astronauts to start their space program the Soviets were already taking pictures of the moon and planning to get ready to send a man to the moon. 1961-1970 Freedom 7 was launched on May 5, 1961 carrying a Mercury 6 astronaut Alan B. Shepard, Jr.. The rocket climbed 302 miles into the air making the ship and Shepard the first American astronaut to fly into space. The United States briskly went to work, trying to sent another American into space. John Glenn was selected as the Mercury 6 astronaut that would orbit the earth. On February 20, 1962 the US was ready to surpass the USSR in the field of human space exploration. John Glenn successfully was launched into orbit around the earth, becoming the first human to do so. He completed three orbits around the earth in his Friendship 7 spacecraft. The mission was extremely successful for the US and NASA. After the mission the United States became the leading country in the field of space exploration. The US started to get ready for further missions into space by reaching new breakthroughs in space suit technology. The manned orbiting laboratory suit of 1963 was an Air Force refinement for the Gemini spacecraft missions. The manned orbiting laboratory was designed to carry two or more astronauts into space at the same time for an extended period of time. The suit was supposed to allow the astronauts to be able to move around the Gemini spacecraft freely. However the suit was made obsolete when the Project Gemini lightweight suit was developed in 1965. The space suit was designed to be easily removed during flight to aid to the astronauts comfort, making it easier for the astronauts to tolerate long journeys. These suits were of great value to the Apollo missions. The Apollo missions were meant to eventually land a man on the moon. While Soviet space program was faltering because the government refused to allocate the needed funds to support the Soviet Cosmonauts, the United States was getting ready to send a man to the moon. The first ten Apollo missions were to survey the moon and the gravity fields around it to make planning

Using a Sample Essay Ghost Story for Writing Your Article

Using a Sample Essay Ghost Story for Writing Your ArticleUsing a sample essay ghost story can help you get your word count up and beat those classmates who really want to know more about the book of the same name. One of the best ways to make your ghost story interesting is to use unusual characters that have very strange or unique names. Using an image or quotation from the ghost story can also help. These are especially good for writing extracurricular activities or book reports.Word counters usually have a limit on how many words can be placed within one column. So if you include a picture as part of your writing, your sample essay ghost story can become much longer than the actual article. However, using a sample essay ghost story may actually make it more exciting to read. Just do not use too many images and don't use too many words, unless they are all quotations from the ghost story.Using a sample essay ghost story as a starting point to a novel can help you build a well-writt en story by getting your characters, settings, and events straight. Readers will appreciate that you used an essay ghost story to prepare yourself for writing the novel. They will remember this for future reference. This is good because you will come across many good samples of ghost stories that you can copy.A sample essay ghost story is a great starting point for beginning writers. However, there are ways to make it more interesting by adding quotes and pictures to your essay. Use your imagination to come up with new uses for the essay ghost story you just used. You can even include these aspects in the second part of your article. This will make your essay more interesting and give it a personal touch.When you write an essay using a sample essay ghost story, your vocabulary will expand. Some people find this helpful. If you use your imagination, you can come up with creative words for verbs, adjectives, adverbs, etc. As you read more, you will find out more words that sound like adjectives and verbs. This will help you write articles that are quite creative. Also, by placing a photograph in your article, it can help with pacing and reading.Using the written word is not limited to using poetry and fiction. Writing essays is just as powerful. By using samples of writing, you can learn more about what works and what does not work when writing for an audience.Writing the opening and closing paragraphs of a sample essay ghost story can help you learn to create captivating stories. The ideas and advice of ghost writers can help you improve your writing.

Carbon Energy Taxations

Carbon Energy Taxations Introduction For many years, companies, businesses, individual, and other entities have used fossil fuels, which release carbon dioxide during combustion. Carbon dioxide is a gas that emanates from the reaction of oxygen and carbon during combustion of fossil fuels. However, carbon dioxide is not friendly to the environment as it leads to various negative effects such as pollution and global warming.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Carbon Energy Taxations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The environmental effects caused by extensive release of carbon dioxide compelled countries and environmental activists to look for ways of reducing consumption and the use of fossil fuels, as they contain high amounts of carbon. Some of the strategies used include legislations such as the Kyoto protocol, which is an agreement imposed on developed countries to minimize the amounts of carbon fuels used by their industries (Lungerfold, 2010). Another important strategy was the introduction of carbon taxes, a cost effective technique where countries pay a certain amount of tax depending on the level of carbon dioxide that they emit from fossil fuels into the environment. The prime goal of carbon taxing strategy is to reduce the negative environmental impacts of carbon dioxide. Therefore, this proposal explains the economic impact and effectiveness of carbon taxes in environmental protection. Literature Review The effects of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases such as global warming, destruction of the ozone layer, acid rains, and pollution of air forced states and environmental activists to devise strategies of minimizing the effects of carbon dioxide on the environment. Among the strategies devised is the use of carbon taxes, which is a form of tax charged on the amount of carbon emissions released into the environment (Hsu, 2012). The strategy is a market-based option whose main objective is to help mitigate the negative impacts of carbon dioxide and conserve the environment. States and countries apply carbon taxes on delivery, supply, and manufacture of products. In addition, application of the strategy extends to the use of fuels and the amount of carbon emitted in the process of production.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Tisdell (2005) argues that, â€Å"the imposition of the carbon tax is to reduce the rise in the level of atmospheric carbon dioxide and prevent the onset of the greenhouse effect, which is a public issue of global warming† (p. 194). Therefore, carbon taxing is a cost effective and environmental friendly strategy that helps reduce the effects of carbon dioxide by discouraging businesses, industries, individuals, and other entities from using fuels that contain high carbon content. Carbon taxing is a strategy employed by states and countries to minimize the use of fossil fuels that contain high carbon levels. The application of the strategy entails charging a certain amount of tax on the level of carbon available in the fuel. Consequently, imposing the tax on fuel that has carbon leads to a relative increase in the cost of fuel (Hsu, 2012). Hence, individuals, businesses, and industries look for alternative sources of energy like natural gas, oil, and coal that contain little amount of carbon so that they can minimize the cost of production. This leads to reduced use of fossil fuels, which contains high levels of carbon and a subsequent reduction of environmental effects of carbon dioxide. Miller (2007) argues that human activities have increased emissions of carbon dioxide, which have accumulated in the atmosphere for many years as a greenhouse gas and cause global warming. Thus, it is evident that carbon taxing is one of the strategies that reduce the negative effects of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the environment. Taxing of carbon content in fossil fuels is a very effective strategy if properly implemented by countries. The strategy reduces emission levels of carbon dioxide from human activities such as businesses, homes, and industries. Since the strategy levies a certain amount of tax on the carbon content present in fossil fuels, many businesses, and industries opt for alternative sources of energy so that they can reduce the cost production (Miller, 2007). Hence, an overall reduction in the emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Carbon Energy Taxations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The reduction of carbon dioxide emission leads to low levels of environmental degradation and economic constraints associated with carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. According to Hsu (2012), the negative effects of carbon dioxide emissions display a relationship of cause and effect, not a mere correlation. Thus, for every emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, there is an increase in the level of environmental degeneration, which leads to lower rates of productivity. Therefore, carbon taxing of fossil fuels significantly reduces environmental problems linked to global warming and emissions of greenhouse gases. The carbon tax is a cost effective market-based strategy that does not only discourage the use of fossil fuels with high carbon content, but also brings revenue to countries implementing the strategy. States and governments use carbon tax to address the challenges brought about by the emissions from carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases. All aspects of state or government feel the effects of carbon taxes because an increase in the cost of production leads to increased cost of products. Hence, even the low-income earners in the society feel the effects of the strategy. Lungerfold asserts that, â€Å"keeping in mind the potential amo unt of the carbon tax revenue and distribution could have appreciable impacts† (p. 138). Furthermore, carbon tax has its foundation on the principles of economy. It focuses on the principle of unconstructive externalities, which represent unpaid costs. Thus, imposing the tax on fossil fuels that contain carbon ensures that consumers who use the fuels pay for the effects of carbon dioxide emissions. Discussion and Analysis The proposal will analyze whether taxing carbon content present in fossil fuels is an effective strategy of discouraging their use. In addition, the paper will determine if the strategy is cost effective by assessing whether its implementation increases revenues to countries and states, but does not hurt the economy of the government. The proposal will also check the magnitude of the policy in line with its implementation and if it affects the citizens who reside in the country.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ekins (2009) notes that the cost of fossil fuels will increase due to the carbon tax imposed on the amount of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere. Furthermore, the paper will analyze how governments use carbon taxes to address the challenges occasioned by carbon dioxide and emission of greenhouse gases. It will also assess whether the implementation of carbon taxing strategy to minimize the negative effects of carbon dioxide leads to increased product prices and cost of living. Moreover, the proposal will check if economists and states use the policy of the carbon tax based on the negative externalities principle. The proposal will analyze if the principle dictate that only the potential users of fossil fuels with high carbon contents pay for the effects occasioned by the carbon dioxide emissions. This implies that the proposal will analyze the economic impact of carbon taxes on governments. In addition, the proposal will identify the negative effects of carbon dioxide and gr eenhouse gases such as destruction of the ozone layer, acid rains, pollution, and global warming. Moreover, the proposal will check the efforts that countries have put in place to address these negative effects. The paper will also study the progress made by governments in implementing carbon taxing in the production, delivery, and supply of products to consumers and business people. According to Tisdell (2005), the main objective of the carbon tax is to minimize the impact of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases. Furthermore, the proposal will analyze the amount of tax charged on carbon contents present in fossil fuels. In this view, the proposal will examine what the states and governments have achieved in reducing emissions from carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases in terms of environmental conservation and economic development. Moreover, the paper will analyze how states and governments are implementing the policy of carbon taxing. It will also check the effectiveness of the polic y in discouraging potential consumers, businesses, and industries from using fossil fuels that have a high content of carbon. Furthermore, the paper will check the extent to which carbon dioxide emissions from industries and other human activities pollute the environment, lower productivity of environment, and increase the cost of goods and services. The proposal will assess how states and governments use carbon tax strategy in minimizing the use of fossil fuels that contain high levels of carbon. It will also analyze how states apply the policy like charging a certain amount of tax on the level of carbon emitted from fossil fuels. Additionally, the proposal will determine if the policy of carbon taxing has discouraged business people, industries, and individuals from using fuels that have high carbon content. According to Karnosky (2001), carbon dioxide has extensive effects on plants and other forms of ecosystem as it leads to global warming, which results in climate change. Moreo ver, the proposal will determine whether businesses and industries have employed alternative sources of energy like solar, hydro-electricity, and wind, which are friendly to the environment in production. In addition, the paper will analyze the level of success on the state or the government in ensuring that businesses, industries, and individuals minimize the use of fossil fuels that have high levels of carbon. The analysis will establish if the carbon taxes have reduced environmental effects of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. The proposal will analyze the country’s level of involvement in the implementation of carbon taxes. It will also check if the strategy helps reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide in processing plants and businesses. Moreover, the proposal will analyze the progress made by governments in discouraging factories and business firms from using fuels that contain high levels of carbon. The proposal will check if the reductio n of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions has led to increased revenues and environmental conservation as well as productivity in countries. Furthermore, Jiang (2012) highlights that, for systematic and sustainable development, a state should practice conservation strategies that support continuous development of the country for present and future generations. Therefore, the proposal will identify the level of the carbon tax charged for carbon content of fossil fuels and analyze if the tax has any impact on the use of fuels, which contain a high amount of carbon. This paper will also seek to identify if the measures, put in place by states and governments, are functional and instrumental in curbing or reducing carbon dioxide emissions from industries and business establishments. It will also identify if carbon taxing provides the required solutions to economic and environmental challenges that transpire from the emission of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases. Conclusion Tax imposed on the carbon content of fuels is one of the strategies devised by countries to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. The strategy imposes some amount of tax on the content of carbon present in fossil fuel used by industries and business entities especially in developed countries. The proposal discusses how states and governments can employ the strategy of carbon taxes to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and minimize the negative effects that it causes. Governments usually charge a certain amount of the carbon tax on the content of carbon present in fuels. Therefore, this leads to an increase in the price of fossil fuels, yet many people, businesses, and industries rely on the fuel. The increment discourages business entities, individuals, and industries from using the fuel and encourages them to look for alternative sources of energy so that they can reduce the overall cost of production. Furthermore, when businesspersons, indivi duals, and industries shift from the use of fossil fuel that contains high carbon content, it lowers the emission of carbon dioxide and minimizes the negative effects of carbon dioxide. Overall, carbon taxing aims at protecting the environment from global warming caused by the emission and the accumulation of carbon oxide in the atmosphere. References Ekins, P. (2009). Carbon Energy Taxations: Lessons from Europe. London: Oxford University Press. Hsu, S. (2012). Case for Carbon Tax: Getting Past Hangups to Effective Climate Policy. Washington : Island Press. Jiang, X. (2012). Legal Issues for Implemementing Clean Development. Shangai: Springer, Publishers. Karnosky, D. (2001). The Impact of Carbon Dioxide and Other Green House Gases on Foresty Ecosystem. New York: CABI Publishing. Lungerfold, T. (2010). Cap and Trade: Kyoto Protocol: Greenhouse Gas. New York: The Capitolnet Publishers. Miller, T. (2007). Living in the Enviroment: Principles Connections and Solutions. New York: Canca ge Learning. Tisdell, C. (2005). Economics of Environmental Conservation. London: Edward Elgar Publishing.