Pharmacotherapeutics for prescribing Assignment

Pharmacotherapeutics for prescribing - Assignment Example Vomiting is the forcible involuntary or voluntary stomach contents emptying ("throwing up") through the mouth (Schnell F, 2003) .However vomiting, nausea and constipation might be as a result of gastric cancer related complications that the patient had. To really understand how this condition of the patient can be managed or treated, the Pharmacotherapeutics of these two suggested drugs has been discussed in detail. Metoclopramide 10mg is used in the treatment of vomiting, Digestive disorders, Nausea and Migraine. Metoclopramide increases the muscles contractions or movements in the intestines and stomach (Schnell F. 2003). These results to a decrease in the duration the stomach contents take to move through the digestive tract. On the other hand, Co-danthramer suspension and capsules have 2 active ingredients, Poloxamer 188 and Dantron. Both of these drugs are referred to as laxatives. Hence in combination it is called co-danthramer. Dantron is laxative type referred to as stimulant laxative. It acts by nerve endings stimulation in the intestines walls. This results to intestinal wall muscles to contract frequently with increased force. The gut’s contents are moved along the intestines as a result of these muscles contraction, hence relieving constipation. Poloxamer 188 is referred to as faecal softener. It aids in drawing water into the faecal material, hence the water content and stools volume is increased. This makes it easier and softer to pass. Therefore these drugs best suit the treatment of this patient condition and its Pharmacotherapeutics have been explored in the next section. Pharmacotherapeutics of Metoclopramide and Co-danthramer Pharmacokinetics of Metoclopramide Metoclopramide is well and rapidly absorbed. Relative to 10 mg intravenous dose, the absolute oral Metoclopramide bioavailability is 80% Â ± 15.5% (Baxter Healthcare Corporation, 2010) .This was indicated in a crossover study which had 18 subjects. Concentrations of Peak plasma are experienced at approximately 1 - 2 hours following a single oral dose. It is also observed that same time to peak can be experienced at steady state following individual doses (Baxter Healthcare Corporation, 2010). According to a single dose study carried out on 12 subjects, it was observed that the area under the drug concentration-time curve linearly increased with doses to 100 mg from 20(Jordan et al, 2004). This means that the Concentrations of Peak linearly increase with dose, but time concentrations of peak don’t change; whole body clearance doesn’t change; and the rate of elimination doesn’t change (remains the same) (Jordan et al, 2004). In normal renal function individuals, the half-life of average elimination is 5 - 6 hours. Processes of Linear kinetic describe the Metoclopramide elimination and absorption (Baxter Healthcare Corporation, 2010). In a certain study carried out, it was observed that about 85% of the radioactivity of Metoclopramide dos e which was administered orally appeared in the urine within 72 hours. Out of this eliminated 85% in the urine, approximately half of it was present as conjugated or free Metoclopramide (Jordan et al, 2004). It is known that the drug is never bound extensively to plasma proteins (approximately 30%). The whole body distribution volume is relatively high, approximately 3.5 L/kg, implying that there is always extensive drug distribution to the tissues (Naeimet al, 2008).